History of the Veil in Early Islam: Prestige and Segregation of the Muslim Female
At the time of the dawn of Islam, women of high status in greater Arabia followed the Mesopotamian practice of veiling to indicate their...
Muhammad and the Early Islamic State
Due to the way in which influential biography’s on Muhammad’s life, sayings and movements were written centuries after his death, it is difficult to...
The Legendary Origins of Coffee
Not much is known about the early history of coffee, and many tall tales and legends have arisen to fill in the blanks of...
Jewish Rulers in Foreign Lands
Though a people without a nation for millennia, the Jews produced powerful rulers at some points of history in the countries where they lived...
The First Caliphs and the Rise of the Islamic Empire
When Muhammad died unexpectedly in 632 CE no one was in place to take over leadership of the expanding Islamic world. The resulting power...
The Ottoman Harem – Concubines, Odalisques and Eunuchs
The fascinating world of the beautiful women that lived to satisfy and entertain the Sultan at the Ottoman court, surrounded by castrated slaves.
During the...
Kemal Ataturk, Revolutionary and Founder of Modern Turkey
Mustafa Kemal's ambition was to liberate Turkey from ancient beliefs which he believed made it backward and prevented it from joining the modern world.
Kemal...
British Interest in Iraq in the Early 20th Century
The area known today as "Iraq" grew in importance for leaders of the British Empire during the first two decades of the twentieth century.
During...
The Armenian Genocide and Race Extermination: How the World Responds to the Massacre of...
The historical evidence, chiefly from eyewitness accounts and American diplomats & missionaries in Turkey in 1915, concludes that Turkish atrocities constituted genocide.
In the midst...
The 1982 Israeli Invasion of Lebanon – Back Story
The operational objectives of the Israeli invasion of Lebanon in 1982 are relatively well known, less so the complex back story to the event.
On...